Globalization 1.0 occurred during which period?

• A. 1950-1998
• B. 200BC-1700AD, silk road/start of trade between East and West
• C. 1500-1945
• D. The industrial age

Answer: (B)

Globalization in this sense is about long-range connections that knit distant regions together, driven by early empires and state-led trade networks. Globalization 1.0 is the period when governments extended power across regions and built expansive trade routes, linking East and West. The timeframe from about 200 BCE to 1700 CE fits this best because it covers the rise of civilizations along the Silk Road and other wide-ranging networks that moved goods, ideas, and technologies across continents long before industrial production or digital communication reshaped global ties. It highlights how connectivity was primarily propelled by states seeking power and territory, rather than by modern corporations or individuals.

In contrast, later options point to eras dominated by industrialization or recent global systems, which belong to Globalization 2.0 and beyond.